      . 
           .
   ()   BIGLIB.COM.UA
   ---------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                        
   . 
   -      .

    .

   .

        ,  ,  
,     ,
  ,   . 
    ,        
       . 
     ,
 ""    "CW-Moscow"  
 -     ,
      .    
     , 
 1,5 . .    , 
       
 ,    IDG,   
.

          
    .     
      (    ,
   ),     Telnet,
       .  
   ,   .

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
A
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

AAI
     Application to Application Interface,   

AAR
     automatic alternative routing,    
 
ABC
     Application Building Classes,   
ABI
     Application Binary Interface,   
ACD
     1. automatic call distribution,   
(   ); 2. automatic call distributor, 
  
ACIA
     asynchronous communications interface adapter,  

ACMS
     1. Application Control and Management System,   
 ; 2. Automated Connection Manager Server,
   
ACS
     automated cartridge system,   
ADB
     Apple Desktop Bus,     Apple Computer
ADF
     Automatic Document Feeder,    (
 )
ADL
     automated data library,   
ADMD
     Administration Management Domain,   
( ,   Internet)
ADSL
     asymmetrical digital subscriber line,  
 
A C
     automatic error correction,   
A S
     1. Application  nvironment Specifications,  
 ; 2. auto emulation switching, 
  (   
   )
AFN
     Access Feeder Node, ,   ( )
AIFF
     Audio Interchange File Format,     
ALM
     1. Application Loadable Module,     
(NetWare); 2. AppWare Loadable Module,    AppWare
AMIS
     Audio Messaging Interchange Specification,  
 
AMLCD
     active matrix liquid-crystal display,   
 
AMP
     asymmetrical multiprocessing,  

AMPS
     Advanced Mobile Phone System,   
  (    )
ANDF
     Architecture Neutral Distribution Format,   
   
ANI
     automatic number identification,   
()
AOC 
     Apple Open Collaboration  nvironment,   
 Apple (   )
API
     Application Programming Interface,  

APM
     Advanced Power Management,   
()
APPC
     Advanced Program-to-Program Communications,   
 (  IBM)
APPN
     Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking,   
 (   IBM   SNA)
APT
     application programming tools,   

ARL
     Access Rights List,   
ART
     1. Adaptive Recognition Technology,  
 (); 2. Automatic Recognition Technology, 
  ( )
ASA
     1. American Software Association,   
; 2. American Standards Association,   

ASD
     automated software distribution,  
 
AS 
     Accredited System  ngineer,  -
ASF
     automatic sheet feed,    ( )
ASR
     automatic speech recognition,   
ATDM
     asynchronous time division multiplexing, 
    ( )
ATM
     1. Asynchronous Transfer Mode,   ; 2.
Automatic Teller Machine, 1)  , 2)  ,

AUI
     1. Access Unit Interface,   ; 2. attachment
unit interface,   
AVI
     Audio Video Interlaced,     ( 
Microsoft    )
AVNP
     Autonomous Virtual Network Protocol,   

AVR
     automatic voice recognition,   
()
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
B
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

BCS
     basic catalog structure,   
BDC
     backup domain controller,    (.  PDC)
BFS
     Boot File System,    (
     )
BFT
     binary file transfer,    ()
BNA
     Broadband Network Architecture,   
(  IBM)
BOP
     bit-oriented protocol,    
BPR
     Business Process Reengineering,  () 
 
BRIM
     Bridge Router Interface Module,  
/
BTAC
     branch target address cache, -  
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
C
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

CAM
     Controlled Attachment Module,     
CAS
     Communication Application Specification,   
(,   Intel  Digital Communications Associates)
CAS 
     Computer-Aided Software  ngineering,  
 
CAV
     Constant Angular Velocity, 1)   , 2)
      , 3)
    (  )
CCIA
     Computer and Communucations Industry Association, 
      ()
CDDI
     Copper Distributed Data Interface,   
    ( FDDI   )
CD 
     1. Common Desktop  nvironment,    
 ; 2. Cooperative Development  nvironment, 
   (  Unix)
CDFS
     CD-ROM File System,    -
CDI
     (CD-I) compact disk interactive,  -
CDMA
     Code Division Multiple Access,    
 ()
CDPD
     Cellular Digital Packet Data,     
(          
    )
CD-ROM
     Compact Disk Read-Only Memory,   -
C M
     contract electronic manufacturers,   
(  )  
C O
     Chief  xecutive Officer,  , 
,  ()
CGI
     Computer Graphics Interface,   
CGM
     computer graphics metafile,    (
    )
CIC
     1. carrier (circuit) identification code,   ; 2.
commercial Internet carriers,      Internet
CIDR
     Classless Inter-Domain Routing,   
CIF
     1. Common Intermediate Format,    (
     /
); 2. Customer Information File,    
CIO Chief Information Officer,   
()
CIT
     computer-integrated telephony,  
CLI
     Call Level Interface,     (
       )
CLNP
     Connectionless Network Protocol,    
 
CLUT
     Color Look Up Table,  
CLV
     Constant Linear Velocity, 1)   , 2)
      , 3)
   
CM
     1. Configuration Management,   (
); 2. control module,  
CMA
     Communications Managers Association,    
 ()
CMIP
     Common Management Information Protocol,   
 
CMS
     1. Call Management System,   () ;
2. Color Management System,   
CMVC
     configuration management and version control,  
  
CMW
     compartmented mode workstation,  ,  
   
CNLP
     Connectionless Network Layer Protocol,    
  (  " - " 
  )
CNM
     Customer Network Management,   
CNX
     Certified Network  xpert,    
COD 
     Client/Server Open Development  nvironment,   
  /
COP
     character-oriented protocol,    
COR
     connection-oriented routing, ,  
 
CORBA
     Common Object Request Broker Architecture,  
-   (  OMA)
COS 
     Common Open Software  nvironment,    
 ()
CPI
     (cpi) 1. characters per inch,    ; 2. Common
Programming Interface,    ( IBM 
      )
CRC
     cyclic redundancy check,    
 
CRS
     customer response system,     
CRU
     customer replaceable unit, ,  
CSDN
     circuit-switched data network,     

CSMA/CD
     Carrier Sense Mutiple Access/Collision Detection,  
      ( )
CSTA
     Computer Supported Telecommunications Application, 
     
(  CMA)
CUA
     Common User Access,    ( IBM 
  )
CVF
     Compressed Volume File,   
CVI
     Compressed Video Interoperability,    
  ()
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
D
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

DA
     disk array,  
DA 
     Distributed Application  nvironment,   
DAMA
     demand-assignment multiple access,   
   
DANS
     Distributed Administration of Network Software, 
    ( Sun)
DAP
     1. Database Access Point,      ( ); 2.
Directory Access Protocol,    
DAS
     1. data acquisition system,   ; 2. dual attachment
station,     ( )
DASD
     direct-access storage device,    
, 
DBCL
     database control language,    
DBMS
     Database Management System,    , 
DBR
     dial-up bridge/router, /,  
 
DCB
     Domain Control Database,     (,
       )
DCC
     Digital Compact Cassette,  -
DC 
     1. data communications equipment,   , ; 2.
Distributed Computing  nvironment,   
DDB
     distributed database,   
DDBMS
     distributed database management system,  
  
DDCMP
     digital data communication message protocol,  
 
DDCS
     Distributed Data Communications Server,    

DD 
     1. direct data entry,   ; 2. Dynamic Data  xchange,
  
DDL
     Data Definition Language,   
DDM
     Distributed Data Management,   
DDP
     distributed data processing,   
D MARC
     Distributed  nterprise Management Architecture, 
     ( 
Banyan)
D N
     Document  nabled Networking,  ,   
 (     NetWare 
  )
D S
     Data (Digital)  ncryption Standard,   
DFS
     Distributed File Services (System),   
()
DFT
     Disk Failure (Fault) Tolerance,   

DHCP
     Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol,   
   (    
-   -)
DIP
     1. document and image processing,    ;
2. dual-in-line package,  ,   ( 
  )
DISA
     1. Data Interchange Standards Association,   
  (); 2. direct inward system access, 
 
DL
     distribution lists,  
DLCI
     data link control identifier,   
 
DLCP
     Data Link Control Protocol,    

DLL
     Dynamic Link Library,   
DLMS
     Digital Link Management System,    
 
DLSw
     Data Link Switching,     (
 IBM)
DMD
     digital micromirror display,   ()

DM 
     Distributed Management  nvironment,   
DMI
     Desktop Management Interface,   
 (  DMTF)
DMS
     1. Data Management System,   ; 2. Document
Management Service (System),  ()  
DMTF
     Desktop Management Task Force,    
  (  , 
        )
DNS
     Domain Name System (Service),  ()  
(    TCP/IP)
DOAPI
     DOS Open API,      
DOS
DO 
     Distributed Object  nvironment,   
(  SunSoft)
DOMS
     Distributed Object Management System,  
 
DPM
     1. data processing manager,    ; 2.
dual processor mode,  
DPMI
     DOS Protected Mode Interface,      DOS
DPP
     distributed parallel processing,   
()
DPS
     1. Distributed Processing System,   
; 2. Document Processing System,   
DRAM
     Dynamic Random-Access Memory,   ,
    , 
DRAW
     direct read after write,    
DRDA
     Distributed Relational Database Architecture, 
    (  IBM)
DSA
     1. Digital Signature Algorithm,   ; 2.
Directory System Agent,   ; 3. Dynamic Scalable
Architecture,   
DSDD
     double-sided double-density,     

DSOM
     Distributed System Object Model,   

DSSD
     double-sided single-density,    
 
DTP
     distributed transaction processing,  

DV
     digital video,  
DV 
     Digital Video  ditor,    
DXI
     Data  xchange Interface,   
DXS
     Directory  xchange Server,   
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

 AD
      nhanced Access Diversity,    (
)
 AS 
      mbedded Advanced Sampling  nvironment,    
  (     
      )
 BB
     electronic bulletin board,   
 BR
      nterprise Backup and Restore,    
     
 CC
      rror-Correcting Code,    
 CMA
      uropean Computer Manufacturers Association,  
  
 CN 
      nterprise Certified NetWare  ngineer,   
 NetWare    
 CS
     external cache socket,     -
 DCC
     error detection and correction code,     

 DD
      lectronic Document Delivery,   
 DMS
      lectronic Document Management System,   

 IN
     electronic ID number,   
 IS
     executive information system,    

 ISA
      xtended Industry Standard Architecture,  
  (  )
 MMI
      nhanced Multimedia Interface,  
 (  AT&T)
 MX
      nterprise Mail  xchange,     
 
 N
     end node,   ( )
 NMS
     enterprise network management system,   
 
 OM
     event-oriented modelling, ,   
 S
     enterprise system, ()   
 SCON
      nterprise System Connection,      
 SD
      lectronic Software Distribution,  
 
 SDL
     electronic software distribution and licensing, 
    
 SL
     electronic software licensing,   

 SM
     1.  nterprise Storage Manager,     
  ; 2.  thernet Switching Module, 
   thernet
 TC
      nhanced Throughput Cellular,   
(  AT&T       )
 TSI
      uropean Telecommunications Standards Institute,  
    
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
F
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

FAT
     File Allocation Table,    ( 
 DOS)
FCS
     Fiber Channel Standard,   - 
FCSI
     Fiber Channel System Initiative,   
-  (  Sun Microsystems, IBM 
Hewlett-Packard)
FDD
     Floppy Disk Drive,     , 
FDDI
     Fiber Distributed Data Interface,   
  -  ()
FDS 
     Full Duplex Switched  thernet,     thernet
F D
     ferroelectric display,  
F P
     front-end processor, 1)  , 2)  
- ( )
FIFO
     first-in, first-out,   -   (
    )
FITS
     Functional Interpolating Transformation System,  
   
FLCD
     ferroelectric liquid crystal display,   
 
FOC
     fiber-optics communications, - 
FPFR
     fast-packet frame-relay,     
 ()
FRX
     Frame Relay  xchange,    
FSF
     Free Software Foundation,    
FTAM
     File Transfer, Access and Management, ,   
 ()
FTS
     functional test suite,   
FTSA
     Fault-Tolerant Server Architecture,  

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
G
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

GAPPN
     Gigabit Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking,  
  ( IBM)
GDMO
     Guidelines for the Definition of Managed Objects,  
  ( ISO)
GFS
     grandfather/father/son, "//" (   
    ,     )
GIS
     Geographic Information System,   ,

GLOP
     Graphical Library Object Parser,   
 
GM
     general manager,  , -
GOOP
     Graphical Object-Oriented Programming, 
- 
GOSIP
     Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile, 
    ()
GUI
     Graphical User Interface,   
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
H
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

HADA
     High Availability Disk Array,     

HAL
     Hardware Abstraction Layer,    
HAM
     Host Attachment Module,    -
HCI
     human-computer interface,  "-"
HDL
     Hardware Description Language,    
HDLC
     High-Level Data Link Control,   
  ( ISO)
HDMS
     High-Density Modem System,  /  
 
HDTV
     High Definition Television,   , 
HFT
     High Function Terminal,  
HIPPI
     High Performance Parallel Interface,  

HLL
     high-level language,   
HLLAPI
     High Level Language Application Programming Interface, 
     
HLS
     hue-level-saturation, -- ( )
HPFS
     High Performance File System,   
HPR
     High Performance Routing,  
(  IBM,    APPN; , 
   APPN+)
HPSN
     High Performance Scalable Networking, 
  (  3Com)
HSB
     hue-saturation-brightness, -- (
)
HSDL
     high-speed data link,    
HSM
     hierarchical storage management,  
 
HSRP
     Hot Standby Router Protocol,     
 (  Internet)
HSSI
     High Speed Serial Interface,  

HSV
     hue-saturation-value, -- ( )
HTML
     Hyper-Text Markup Language,    
()
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
I
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

IBN
     1. Integrated Branch Node,   
(/); 2. integrated business network, 
  
ICDA
     Integrated Cashed Disk Array,    
-
ICFA
     International Computer Facsimile Association,  
  
ICI
     Inter-Carrier Interface,     
 
ICTS
     Inter-City Telecommunications System,   
IDAPI
     Integrated Database Application Program Interface, 
       (  Borland)
IDD 
     Integrated Development and Debugging  nvironment, 
    ()
IDL
     Interface Definition Language,   
IDMS
     Integrated Data Management System,   
 (     )
I N
     Integrated  nterprise Network,   

I TF
     Internet  ngineering Task Force,      
Internet
IH
     Information Highway,  
IL 
     Integrated Language  nvironment,   
( )
ILMI
     Interim Local Management Interface,   

IMAC
     ISDN Media Access Control,     
    ISDN
IMAP
     Interactive Mail Access Protocol,    
 
IMR
     Integrated Multiport Repeater,   
IMS
     1. information management system, 1) -
, 2)    ( 
  ,   IBM); 2. Integration of
Management Systems,   
INM
     Internet Network Management,    Internet
IOS
     integrated office system,   
IP
     1. image processing,  ; 2. Internet Protocol,
  (    Internet)
IPS
     image processing system,   
IPX
     Internetwork Packet  xchange,    (
 Novell)
IRQ
     interruption request,   
IRS
     information retrieval system, - 
ISA
     Industry Standard Architecture,   
(  )
ISAM
     Indexed Sequential Access Method, - 

ISDN
     Integrated Services Digital Network,    

ISP
     Internet Service Provider,     Internet (
     Internet   IP)
ISR
     information storage and retrieval,    
ISSA
     Information Systems Security Association,  
  ()
ISV
     1. Independent Software Vendor,  -
 ; 2. Information System Vendor, 
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
J
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

JAD
     joint application development,   
JCL
     Job Control Language,   
JP G
     Joint Photographic  xperts Group, 1)    
, 2)    ,  

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
K
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

KBMS
     Knowledge Base Management System,    
KBS
     Knowledge Base System,   , 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
L
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

LAP
     Link Access Protocol,     
LAPM
     Link Access Protocol for Modems,      

LAT
     Local Area Transport,     ()
LATA
     local access and transport area,     
( ,   RBOC)
LAU
     LAN Access Unit,  ()    
L C
     local exchange carrier, 1)   , 2)  -
   
L D
     Light- mitting Diode, 
L L
     Link,  mbed and Launch-to- dit,     
(,      
  )
LLC
     Logical Link Control,    ()
LMI
     local management interface,    ( )
LNM
     LAN Network Manager,    
LON
     LAN Outer Network, ,       
LQ
     letter quality,   
LRU
     Last (Least) Recently Used, "  "
(      )
LS
     1. Library Server,  ; 2. Licensing System, 

LSAPI
     License Server Application Programming Interface, 
      (
     ,   
    )
LU
     logical unit,  
LUG
     Local User Group,   
LVM
     Logical Volume Manager,    
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
M
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

MAC
     Media Access Control,      (
  thernet)
MAN
     metropolitan area network,  
MAPI
     Messaging Application Programming Interface, 
    (  Microsoft)
MAS
     Multimedia Access System,     
MAU
     1. medium attachment unit,     ( ); 2.
multistation (multi) access unit,   
MDC
     multi-device controller,    
MDI
     1. Medium Dependent Interface, ,    (
); 2. Multiple Document Interface,     

MFC
     Microsoft Foundation Classes,   () 
Microsoft
MH
     modular hub,  
MHS
     1. Message Handling Service,    (
 Novell      ); 2. Message Handling
System,   
MI
     management interface,  
MIB
     Management Information Base,   
MIDI
     Musical Instrument Device Interface,  

MIF
     Management Information File,   
MII
     Medium Independent Interface, ,   
( )
MLID
     Multiple Link Interface Driver,   
MLS
     Multilevel Security,   
MMPM
     Multimedia Presentation Manager,    
 
MMS
     Manufacturing Messaging Specification,  
  (     )
MNI
     mobile network integration,    
MNP
     Microcom Network Protocol,   Microcom (
,      ; 
 Microcom      )
MO
     magneto-optical, 
MOB
     movable object block,   , 
MOD
     magneto-optical disk,  
MOM
     manager of managers, " " (
      
 ,       
 )
MOSPF
     Multicast Open Shortest Path First,  
  (   )
MP
     multiprocessing,  
MPC
     multi-purpose communications,   
MP G
     Motion Picture  xperts Group, 1)    ,
2)    ,   
MPP
     Massively Parallel Processing,    

MPR
     MultiProtocol Router,  
MPTN
     Multiprotocol Transport Network,    

MQI
     Message Queue Interface,   
MRCI
     Microsoft Realtime Compression Interface,    
   Microsoft
MSH
     Multi Services Hub,   ( 
 )
MSL
     Mirrored Server Link,   
MTF
     Microsoft Tape Format,     Microsoft
MTNT
     Multiple Technology Network Testbed,   
  
MVS
     1. multiple virtual storage,   ; 2.
MultiVideo System,  
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
O
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

O&M
     operation and maintenance,    
OC
     1. office communications,  ; 2. optical carrier,
  
OC 
     Open Collaboration  nvironment,    
OD
     (O/D) on demand,  ,  
ODA
     Open Document Architecture,    
(.  ODMA)
ODAPI
     Open Database Application Programming Interface,  
   
ODBC
     (ODC) Open Database Connectivity,     
 (   Microsoft)
ODL
     object definition language,   
ODMA
     Open Document Management Architecture,   
 (      
DMS)
O M
     Original  quipment Manufacturer,  -  
() ,  
OID
     object identifier,  
OLB
     object location broker,  -   
OL 
     Object Linking and  mbedding,   ( 
Microsoft)
OLI
     Optical Line Interface,    
OLTP
     on-line transaction processing,   
OMW
     Object Management Workbench,   

ONA
     Open Network Architecture,   
OODB
     object-oriented database, -  
OOPS
     object-oriented programming system, -  

OSF
     Open Software Foundation,    
( -)
OSI
     Open Systems Interconnection,   
(   ,  ISO)
OSI/TP
     Open Systems Interconnection/Transaction Processing, 
   OSI ()
OSM 
     Open Systems Message  xchange,     
OSPF
     Open Shortest Path First, "   " (
 )
OT
     object technology,  
OTF
     Open Tape Format,    ()
OURS
     Open User Recommended Solutions, " ,
  " (,  
    ,   
)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
P
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

PABX
     private automatic branch exchange,     
  ( )
PAD
     packet assembly and disassembly,   
() 
PAMA
     preassigned multiple access,    
 
PARIS
     Packetized Automatic Routing Integrated System, 
    (  IBM)
PC
     Personal Computer,  , 
PCB
     printed circuit board,  
PCL
     Printer Control Language,   
PCM
     plug-compatible manufacturer,  ,  

PCMCIA
     Personal Computer Memory Card International Association, 1)
      
, 2)       
PDA
     Personal Digital Assistant,   ,
  (  )
PDB
     protocol data block,   
PDF
     Portable Document Format,    ( 
 )
PDL
     Page Description Language,   
PDQ
     Parallel Data Query,   
PDU
     protocol data unit,   
PG
     presentation graphics,  
PGA
     pin grid array,      
PGP
     Pretty Good Privacy, " " (
)
PIC
     Picture Image Compression,    (
 )
PIF
     program information file,    
PIM
     Personal Information Manager,   
(   )
PL
     programming language,  
PMA
     Physical Medium Attachment,     (
)
PNP
     plug-and-play, "  " ( 
 )
POSIX
     Portable Operating Systems Interface,  
  ( 

            
  Unix)
POST
     Procedure Of Self-Testing,  () 
PPL
     process-to-process linking,   
PPP
     Point-to-Point Protocol,   
PR P
     PowerPC Reference Platform,   PowerPC (,
 IBM  Apple     
PowerPC)
PTF
     Program Temporary Fixes,    
PTM
     packet transfer mode,   
PVC
     1. permanent virtual circuit,   ; 2.
permanent virtual connection,   
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

QB 
     Query by  xample,   
QBF
     Query by Form,   
QBM
     Query by Model,   
QIC
     quarter-inch cartridge, 1/4- 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
R
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

RACF
     Resource Access Control Facility,    
 (    -  IBM)
RAID
     Redundant Array of Inexpensive Drives (Disks),  
    (    
  )
RAS
     1. Reliability, Availability and Serviceability, ,
   (); 2. Remote Access
Server,   
RC
     remote control,  
RDA
     Remote Database Access,     $ --ke
RDBMS
     relational database management system,   
 
RGB
     Red-Green-Blue, -- ( )
RISC
     Reduced Instruction Set Computer,     
RJ 
     Remote Job  ntry,   
RL 
     run-length encoding,   (  )
RMON
     Remote Monitoring, 1)    ,
2)     ()
RPC
     Remote Procedure Call,    (
)
RPG
     report program generator,   ( 
)
RPL
     Remote Program Load,   
RPM
     rotations per minute, ()   
RQB 
     relational query by example,    
RQS
     Recoverable Queuing Service,   () 
  
RTOS
     Real-Time Operating System,    
RTP
     Rapid Transport Protocol,    
(  HPR)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
S
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

SAA
     Systems Application Architecture,   
(  IBM      )
SAF 
     Secure Access Facility for  nterprise,    
    
SAM
     1. Secure Access Management,   ; 2. System
Administrator Means,    
SAS
     single attachment station,     (
)
SCS
     structured cabling system,   
SCSI
     Small Computer System Interface,    
()
SDC
     Synchronous Data Compression,    
(  Motorola)
SDDI
     Schielded Distributed Data Interface,  
     
SDLC
     Synchronous Data Link Control,    
( )
SDMA
     space-division multiple access,   
  
S 
     standard edition,   (  )
S  
     Software  ngineering  nvironment,   
S S
     Smart  nergy System,   
SFS
     Shared File Server, -  
SGML
     Standard Generalized (General) Markup Language,  
  
SH
     stackable hub,   (  
)
SIG
     Special Interest Group,   ( ) 
-  (      )
SINC
     single-image network computing,   

SLAP
     Serial Line Access Protocol,    

SM
     Smart Card,   ( )
SMA
     Systems Monitor Architecture,   
SMDS
     Switched Multimegabit Data Service,  
   (   Bell
Communications)
SMF
     Standard Messaging Format,    
SMP
     1. Simple Management Protocol,   ; 2.
symmetrical multiple processor,  ; 3.
Symmetrical Multiprocessing,  
SMT
     Station Management,   (,  
 FDDI)
SMTP
     Simple Mail Transfer Protocol,    
()
SNA
     Systems Network Architecture,    (
,   IBM)
SNAP
     Standard Network Access Protocol,     
SPA
     Software Publishers Association,   

SPC
     standard peripheral controller,   

SP C
     System Performance  valuation Cooperative,    
 (   )
SQA
     software quality assurance,   

SQL
     Structured Query Language,   
SRB
     source route bridging,      
(,   IBM)
SRP
     source routing protocol,     (
)
STDMA
     space-time division multiple access,   
-  
STP
     1. Shielded Twisted Pair,   ; 2.
Signal
     Transfer Point,    ( )
SWS
     structured wiring system,    
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
T
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TAPI
     Telephony Application Programming Interface, 
    (, 
 Microsoft  Intel)
TCP/IP
     Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol,  
/  ()
TDM
     time-division multiplexing,    
(  )
TDMA
     Time Division Multiple Access,    
 
TFT
     thin-film transistor,  
TIFF
     Tagged Image File Format,    
(       )
TLU
     table look-up,  
TP
     1. transaction processing,  ; 2.Transport Protocol,
 ; 3. twisted pair, 
TPC
     Transaction Processing Council, 1)    ; 2)
     
TPI
     tracks per inch,    
TPS
     transactions per second,    
TSR
     1. terminate-and-stay-resident, "    "
(  ); 2. Time-Sharing Regime,  

TTS
     text-to-speech, () "--"
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
U
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

UART
     Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, 

UDF
     user-defined function, ,  
UDM
     Uniform Data Model,    ( 
   )
ULP
     Upper Layer Protocol,   
UMIG
     Universal Messaging Interoperability Group,   
   
UNI
     User(-to-)Network Interface,    (
,   ATM)
URPC
     Universal Remote Procedure Call,   
 
USS
     United States Standard,  
UTP
     Unshielded Twisted Pair,   
UUCP
     Unix to Unix Copy Program,   Unix-Unix ( 
     Internet    )
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
V
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

VAC
     value-added carrier, 1)    ; 2)
 -  ,   
VAN
     value-added network,    
VAT
     Video Audio Teleconference, 
VCC
     virtual channel connection,   
VCI
     virtual circuit identifier,   
VDI
     Video Device Interface,  
VDS
     virus detection system,   
VDT
     visual display terminal, 
V SA
     Video  lectronics Standards (Suppliers) Association, 1)  
    (  
); 2)        
 Intel
VFS
     virtual file system,   
VIM
     Vendr Independent Messaging,    
- (  ; ,  
Lotus Development)
VIVID
     Video, Voice, Image and Data, , ,   
 ()
VLB
     V SA Local Bus,   V SA
VLIW
     Very Long Instruction Word, "   ", 
 (      )
VLM
     Virtual Loadable Module,   
VPN
     virtual private network,   
VRS
     voice recognition system,   
VTAM
     virtual telecommunications access method, 
  
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
W
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

WABI
     Windows Application Binary Interface,   
 Windows
WAN
     Wide-Area Network,  
WAND
     Wide-Area Network Distribution,    

WFS
     workflow software,    
 ()
WORM
     Write-Once/Read-Many,      
(  )
WWW
     World-Wide Web,  "" (  
  Internet)
WYSIWYG
     What You See Is What You Get, " ,   " (
      )
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
X
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

XCOFF
      xtended Common Object File Format,    

XDP
      xternal Data Presentation,   
X 
     extended edition,   (  )
XOR
     exclusive OR,  
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Y
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Y/N
     yes/no, /
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Z
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

ZIF
     zero insertion force,     ()
ZIP
     zigzag-in-line package,     ,
 
