                    HISOFT   PASCAL4 - VERSION 1.4

                        31. Oct.  1982




                            -1  0.1-0

 FILE ।.
 RECORD    ਠ⮢.
楤  㭪樨  ࠬ ⨬.
  ਬ୮ 12    4  runtimes.
 ᯮ짮 ᫥騥 ࠢ騥 :
   ENTER -  ப;
   DELETE - 㤠 ᨬ;
   EDIT  -    ।;
   CS+8  - 室  ᫥饩 樨 ⠡樨;
   CS+5  - 㤠 ᥩ ப;
   CHR(16) - ४⥫ ࠭/ਭ.
     ᫥ 㧪 HP4T  ࠭  :
                             TOP of RAM ?
     楫 筮 ᫮ (<= 65536)  ࠧ
 ENTER. ᫨  ᫮,   ᯮ  ⢥
᫥  RAM+1,  ⨢ 砥 設 RAM 
⮬᪨.    ⠭ ⥪  (..
 १ࢨ஢ RAM  - 楫; RAMTOP<65536). 
ZX-SPECTRUM 設 RAM  砫 ᮬ  UDG. ᫥
 ENTER HP4T  ᫥騩 :
                         TOP of RAM for 'T' ?
 ⢥     筮 ᫮,  ᯮ짮
࠭ । 祭 TOP of RAM. ,    㤥
ᯮ짮  ⥪  믮 ꥪ⭮  ᫥  'T'
।. ᫥ ⮣ HP4T  :
                             Table size ?
,    㤥 ᬠਢ  ꥬ ,
ᯮ㥬  ⠡ ᨬ. ᫨ ࠧ  ENTER, 
table size := 㯭 RAM/16 ( ࠢ, ⮣  祬
筮). ᫨ । ᫮  ᨬ ,  ஥ ।
⠭ 㯭.  楤   ᯮ짮 譥
।
..
                           -1 0.2-0
                         ࠡ

       ⨭ :
         nnnn  室 ⥪ ப.
  -  砫 , 㥬 ⮩ ப,
    nnnn -  ப.
     ᫨  ப  80 ᨬ,  ⠢ ᨬ
' ப'. ⨭   ᯥ⠭  ਭ  
樨 $.  ਮ⠭ 뢮 ⨭ 室 
CS+SPACE (BREAK). ᫨ ᫥ ⮣  EDIT -   ।,
 ⨨  㣮  - த 뢮.  ᫨ 
樨 㦥 訡,   뢮 ᮮ⢥騥 ᮮ饭
 ᯥ⪠ ⨭  ਮ⠭. ᫨  ⮬  ᨬ
 - ⥬ 室  ।஢ 㥬 ப, ᫨
 , -  ।஢ ।饩 ப.

                            -1 1.-0
                        ⠪  ᥬ⨪

1.1 䨪.
     ⨬  䨪   10 ᨬ. 
쪨  訥 㪢.
1.2, 1.3. UNSIGNED INTEGER, UNSIGNED NUMBER
       ᮫ 稭   32767. ᫠  訬
祭 ᬠਢ  REAL.  REAL   23 
(.. 7  ).   権  REAL - ਡ;
.. 2.00002 - 2  <> 0.00002 .   ᨬ쭮 ᫮ ⨯ REAL ࠢ
3.438, 쭮 - 5.9-39.
      襭 筮 ᫥  譨 㫥; ⠪
0.000123456 ।⠢  筮, 祬 1.23456-4 ( 0 - ⮦
᫮,       7).
     ᪠ Hex ।⠢ ᫠  祭 ᮢ RAM:
#03, #FF.
1.4 UNSIGNED CONSTANT
               Ŀ
Ĵ consnant identifier 
                   
              Ŀ     
       Ĵ unsigned  number    Ĵ
                   
                                          
           NIL   Ĵ
                                          
                                          
        ,    character   ,  

     ⬥⨬,  ப   ᮤঠ  255 ᨬ.

ப ⨯  ARRAY [1..N] OF CHAR,  N - 楫 0-255
⥫쭮. ࠫ ப   ᮤঠ ᨬ EOL
(CHR(13)) -  ⨢ 砥 ⥬  *ERROR* 68. 
null ॠ   '',   CHR (0).
1.5. CONSTANT
     ᪠ ᯮ짮 ࠢ  ᯫ  ⢥
⠭:
     CONST bs=CHR(10);
           cr=CHR(13);
1.6. SIMPLE TYPE
               Ŀ
Ĵ    type  identifier 
                      
              Ŀ        
        ( Ĵ    identifier        ) Ĵ
                    
             ,       
                                             
        Ŀ            Ŀ     
       Ĵconstant  ..  Ĵconstant
                     
     , ।  (identifier, identifier,....)  
  255 ⮢.
1.7. TYPE
     १ࢨ஢ ᫮ PACKED ⨬,   ..
ᨢ 㦥 㯠.
1.7.1 ARRAYs &  SETs
      ⨯ SET    256 ⮢. ᪠ ᨢ
ᨢ, ᨢ ,   ﬨ ⨯ ⢮  ..
 HP4T ᯮ ⭮ ,   ⨯, ᫥⥫쭮:
  TYPE
     tabela=ARRAY [1..100] OF INTEGER;
     tabelb=ARRAY [1..100] OF INTEGER;
६ tabela    ᢮ 祭 ६ tabelb
..   ࠧ ⨯.
  TYPE
     tabel=ARRAY [1..100] OF INTEGER;
  VAR
     tabela, tabelb : tabel;
 ⮬ 砥 ६ tabela  tabelb   ⨯, ..
᢮ tabela=tabelb  맮 訡.
1.7.2. POINTERs
       ࠭祭  ᯮ짮 㪠⥫:
) ᪠ 㪠⥫   ⨯.   ⭮

  ⨯:
  TYPE
     item=RECORD
            value:INTEGER;
            next:item
          END;
     link=item;
) ᪠ 㪠⥫  㪠⥫;
) 㪠⥫  ⨯  묨, ..:
  VAR
    first:link;
    current:item;
) । ⠭ NIL.
1.7.4. RECORDs
     ᪠ 祢 ᫮ WITH   ⭮ 饭 
 .
1.7.5. FIELD LIST
1.9. VARIABLE
     ᫨ ६   ARRAY [1..10] OF ARRAY [1..10] OF
INTEGER,   㯠   (1,1) ⮣ ᨢ 
ᯮ짮: [1][1]  [1,1].
1.10. FACTOR
1.11. TERM
      ࠭  ᥣ ࠢ 0,  ࠧ ⢠ ᥣ
ࠢ ᨬ쭮 ࠧ  ⨯. .. SET OF CHAR ᥣ
 32  ( 255 ⮢    ),
SET OF 0..10 ⭮ SET OF 0..255.
1.12. SIMPLE EXPRESSION
1.13. EXPRESSION
1.14. PARAMETER LIST
1.15. STATEMENT
  CASE ;
      㫥 CASE-ᯨ᮪ ᪠, .. CASE OF END 
      訡 *ERROR*13.  ELSE 믮, ᫨ ᥫ
      (ᯨ᮪ ࠦ)  㦥  ᯨ᪥ ⠭. ᫨
      ᯮ짮 ࠭⥫ END  ᥫ  㦥, 
      ࠢ ।  , 騩 ᫥ END.
  FOR  ;
      ࠢ ६  FOR    ୮
      ६  ࠬ஬.
  GOTO ;
      室  GOTO  ⮫쪮  । ⮣  , 
      ᯮ  GOTO   ⮬  ஢. ⪠  
        ⮬  ,   ᯮ. ⪠ 
      ᮤঠ  1  4 .  GOTO   
      ᯮ짮  室  横  FOR ... DO, 楤 
      㭪権.

1.16. BLOCK
      -1ᯮ짮 楤  㭪権 ।  ।-0
      楤  㭪樨   ᯮ짮 । 
। :
          PROCEDURE a(y:t); FORWARD;
          PROCEDURE b(x:t);
            BEGIN
             ...
             a(p);
             ...
            END;
          PROCEDURE a;
          BEGIN
           ...
            b(p)
           ...
          END.

                            -1 2.-0
                   ।। 䨪

-12.1. ⠭-0
        MAXINT  - ᨬ쭮 楫  32767.
        TRUE, FALSE - 㫥᪨ ⠭.

-12.2 -0
        INTEGER
        REAL
        CHAR
        BOOLEAN

-12.3 楤  㭪樨-0
-12.3.1 楤 /뢮-0

2.3.1.1 WRITE (e) - 뢮 8-⮢ 祭 ࠦ   ࠭
 ਭ.
        CHR(8) - (CTRL H)    蠣  (BACKSPACE);
        CHR(12)- (CTRL L) ⪠ ࠭   ࠭ ਭ;
        CHR(13)- (CTRL M)  ⪨   ப;
        CHR(16)- (CTRL P) ४⥫ 뢮 ࠭/ਭ;
     WRITE (p1,p2,...,pn) ⭮:
     BEGIN WRITE (p1); WRITE(p2); ... ; WRITE(pn) END;
ࠬ p1,2,...,n     ᫥ ଠ⮢:
           {}  {:m}  {:m:n}  {e:m:H};
 e,m,n - ࠦ ; H - ᨬ쭠 ⠭.
     ᬮਬ 5 砥:
1)   ⨯ INTEGER: ᯮ ଠ {e}  {e:m}:
祭 ࠦ  ८ࠧ  ⨯ character string 
᫥騬 ஡.  ப   㢥稭 (

騬 ஡)  ᯮ짮 ࠬ m, ।饣
饥 ᫮ ᨬ,    뢥;
2)   ⨯ INTEGER  ᯮ짮 ଠ {e:m:H};
 ⮬ 砥  뢮  ⭠筮 . ᫨ m=1  m=2,
 뢮 祭 ( e MOD 16^m )    m ᨬ. ᫨
m=3  m=4,  뢮  祭 ࠦ    
4 ᨬ. ᫨ m>4,  । ᫮ ⠢ ஡. ਬ
    WRITE (1025:m:H);
᫨   m=1,   뢮  1
       m=2,                01
       m=3,                0401
       m=4,                0401
       m=5,                 0401.
3)   ⨯ REAL, ଠ {e}, {e:m}  {e:m:n};
祭  ८ࠧ  ப ᨬ, ।⠢ ᮡ ᫮
⨯ REAL. ଠ ।⠢ । n. ᫨ n ,
 ᫮ 뢮  "筮" ଥ, ..  ᮩ 
ᯮ⮩. 쭠  "筮" ।⠢ ࠢ 8
ᨬ, ᫨ 稭 m<8,  ᥣ  㤥 뢮  
12 ᨬ (᫨ ᫮ ⥫쭮).
     WRITE (-1.2310:m);
᫨ m=7,   㤥 뢥 -1.23000+10
     m=8                     -1.2+10
     m=9                     -1.23+10
     m=10                    -1.230+10
     m=11                    -1.2300+10
     m=12                    -1.23000+10
     m=13                     -1.23000+10
     ᫨ ᯮ짮 ଠ {e:n:m},  ᫮  㤥 뢮 
䨪஢ 窮,  n 㤥 । ᫮ 뢮 
᫥ ⮩. ᫨ n=0,  ᫮  㤥 뢥   integer.
᫨  ⥫쭮  ।塞 ଠ,   뢮 
"筮" .
     WRITE(1E2:6:2)      100.0
     WRITE(1E2:8:2)       100.00
     WRITE(23.455:6:1)    23.5
     WRITE(23.455:4:2)   2.34550E+01
     WRITE(23.455:4:0)    23
4)   ⨯ CHAR  string;
뢮   ᨬ,  m ᨬ  騬 ஡,
᫨  室.
5)   ⨯ BOOLEAN.

2.3.1.2. WRITELN
     WRITELN   ப,  ⭮ WRITE(CHR(13)).
     WRITELN (p1,p2,...,pn);  ⭮ :
     BEGIN WRITE(p1,p2,...,pn); WRITELN END;

2.3.1.3. PAGE
     楤 PAGE ⭠ WRITE(CHR(12)), .. ⪠ ࠭
  ࠭ ਭ.

2.3.1.4. READ
     READ -    .  ⢫ १ ,
 砫쭮 ᮤন ⮫쪮 ᨬ EOL.   
⢫ १ ⥪⮢  ࠧ஬   ᨬ. ᫨
⥪⮢  㪠뢠  EOL-થ,  । 砭 樨
   㤥   ப  .
     ᬮਬ 楤 READ(V)  ࠧ ⨯ V:
1) V  ⨯ CHAR:
      ⮬ 砥 READ(V)  뢠 ᨬ    
ᢠ  V. ᫨ ⥪⮢    ⠭  થ
EOL (ᨬ CHR(13)),  㭪 EOLN 㤥  祭 TRUE 
  㤥 뢠  ப ⥪.  ୮
믮 楤 read, ⥪⮢  㤥 ⠭  砫
 ப.
-1⬥⨬-0,  EOLN=TRUE  砫 ணࠬ.  砥, 
᫨ ६  ࢮ READ  ⨯ CHAR,  楤 READ
 祭 CHR(13)  ᫥騬   ப 
;  ᫥饥 믮 READ ⨯ CHAR 㤥 
 ᨬ ⮩  ப.
2) V  ⨯ string:
     楤ன READ   ⠭ ப , ।
࠭ ⨯ string   EOLN=TRUE. ᫨ ਧ EOLN ⠭ 
砭   ᨬ ப, ⢮  ।
⨯ string,  ப 㤥     ᨬ
CHR(0).    砭  . 1).
3) V  ⨯ INTEGER:
     ᨬ쭮 ᫮, ஥     ⮬ 砥,
ࠢ 32767.

2.3.1.5. READLN
      READLN (v1, v2, ... , vn);  ⭮
      BEGIN READ(v1, v2, ... , vn); READLN END;
     READLN  뢠    . .., ᫥
믮 READLN EOLN ⠭ ࠢ FALSE , ᫨ ᫥ ப
 .
     READLN   ᯮ짮  ய᪠ ⮩ ப  
砫 믮 ꥪ⭮ .   , ᫨  
 ᨬ ⨯ CHAR  砫 ணࠬ,   易⥫쭮, ᫨
  ᨬ ⨯ integer  real  ᨬ  ᫥饩
ப.

-12.3.2. 㭪樨 .-0
2.3.2.1.  EOLN
     㭪 EOLN  㫥 㭪樥  頥 祭

TRUE, ᫨ ᫥騬  ᨬ  EOL-ᨬ. 
⨢ 砥 EOLN=FALSE.

2.3.2.2. INCH
     㭪 ᪠஢ . ᫨     
,  㭪 頥 祭 CHR(0),  ⨢ 砥 -
ᨬ ⨯ CHAR, ᮮ⢥騩  ⮩ .

-12.3.3 㭪樨 ८ࠧ-0
2.3.3.1. TRUNC(X): TRUNC(-1.5) = -1; TRUNC(1.9) = 1.
2.3.3.2. ROUND(X): ROUND(-6.5) = -6; ROUND(11.7) = 12;
                   ROUND(-6.51)= -7; ROUND(23.5) = 24.
2.3.3.3. ENTIER(X): X   ⨯ integer  real.
                    㭪 頥 襥 楫 ᫮, ஥
                      ࠢ X   X.
                    ENTIER(-6.5) = -7; ENTIER(11.7) = 11.
2.3.3.4. ORD(X).
2.3.3.5. CHR(X).

-12.3.4. 䬥᪨ 㭪樨-0
     ABS(X) = X;
     SQR(X) = X*X,  १ ⮣  ⨯,   X;
     SQRT(X) =  X,  १ ᥣ ⨯ real;
     FRAC(X) = X-ENTIER(X), FRAC(1.5) = 0.5, FRAC(-12.56) = 0.44;
     SIN(X)   , १ ⨯ real, X  ࠤ;
     COS(X);
     TAN(X);
     ARCTAN(X);
     EXP(X) = e^X,  e=2.71828;
     LN(X).

-12.3.5. 㣨 㭪樨-0
     NEW(p);
     MARK(v1);  ࠭ ﭨ ""  ६ v1;
     RELEASE(v1);  ""  , 㪠뢠 ६
              v1,   ;
     INLINE (c1, c2, c3 ... ),  n - Hex ᫠  #XX;
     USER(V)  맮 ணࠬ   V.  祭 ,
               #7FFF (32767) 室 ᯮ짮
              ⥫ 祭: #C000 = (-16384). ணࠬ
               稢  RET.
     HALT     ⠭ ணࠬ  뤠祩 ᮮ饭: 'Halt at
              PC=xxxx',   - Hex    ஬ ⮨ HALT.
     POKE(X,Y)  , X -   ⨯ INTEGER, V - ࠦ 
              ⨯.  POKE(#6000, 'A') -  祩 #6000  #41.
              POKE(-16384, 3.6E3) - ࠧ 00 0 80 70  
              #000.
     TOUT(name, start, size) -  ६  . 
              ࠬ Name   ⨯ ARRAY [1..8] OF CHAR.
              Size    뢮    稭  
              Start ( ࠬ ⨯ INTEGER)  ᯮ짮
              ॠ Hex 稭.

     TIN(name, start) -    (. TOUT). TIN 
              ᯮ짮   ⥪⮢  ᨢ ⨯ CHAR.
     OUT(p,c) - 祭 ࠬ p ⨯ INTEGER 㦠 
              ॣ BC, ᨬ ࠬ c 㦠  ॣ
              A , 믮  OUT (C), A  Z80.

-12.3.6. 㣨 㭪樨-0
     RANDOM -  ᥢ砩 ᫠ 0-255. 㭪
              䥪⨢, 楫ᮮࠧ   
              ᯮ짮 ᠬ ணࠬ;
     SUCC(X);
     PRED(X);
     ODD(X);
     ADDR(V) - V ࠬ  ⨯, १ -  ६ V
     PEEK(X, T)  X  ⨯ INTEGER -  , ன 㬥 -
              ⨯ १. ᫨  , 稭  #5000 ᠭ: 50
              61 73 63 61 6, :
WRITE PEEK(#5000, ARRAY [1..6] OF CHAR) ⠥  Pascal
      PEEK(#5000, CHAR)                             P
      PEEK(#5000, INTEGER)                          24912
      PEEK(#5000, REAL)                             2.46227+29
     SIZE(V) - 頥 ꥬ   ,  ६
               V.
     INP(p) = IN A, (C) of Z80.

                             -1 3.-0
                  ਨ  樨 樨.

3.2 樨 樨
-1 L -0( 㬮砭 L+)
     ஫ ⨭
     L+   ᥣ ⨭
     L-   ⮫쪮 ப, ᮤঠ 訡
-1  -0( 㬮砭 +)
     ஫ ९.  樨  ᫠ ⨯ real  *  /
      ᫠ integer ᥣ ࣠ ஢થ  ९.
     + ந ஫ 権 +  -  ᫠ integer
     - ஫  ந
-1  -0( 㬮砭 +)
     ஫   믮 ꥪ⭮ . ⨥ EDIT
     뢠   ⥬  ᮮ饭  HALT.
     - ஫ .
-1 S -0( 㬮砭 S+)
     S+  ஫ ९ ⥪  맮 楤  㭪権.
      砥 ९ ⥪ 뢮 ᮮ饭: 'Out of RAM at
     PC = '.
-1  -0( 㬮砭 +)
     ஫ ࠭ ᨢ.  砥 訡 뤠 ᮮ饭:
     'Index too high'  'Index too low'.
-1 I -0( 㬮砭 I-)
      믮 権 ࠢ >, <, >=, <=  16-ࠧ來묨

     楫묨 ᫠, ᫨ 㬥   ᫮ >MAXINT=32767, 
      ९.  ⮬ १ ࠢ ⠭
     .  ࠢ쭮 ࠢ ⠪ 稭 室
     ᯮ짮  I+. 筠     
     ᫠ ⨯ real  ⪥   3.438.
-1  -0(ᯮ  +  -)
     ४⥫ ਭ/࠭ 祭 CTRL P  IBM PC.
-1 F -0
     ᫥  ⮩ 樨  १ ஡ ᫥ 8-ᨬ쭮
      䠩 (᫨  < 8 ᨬ,   ஡). 
     ⮬ 室 ⥪ ணࠬ  㪠 䠩 ⠢
     ᫥ ப, ᮤঠ饩  F. (. 4  1.5)

                             -1 4.-0
                        ஥ ।

      ।  :
        N1,N2,S1,S2 ;
       C - 믮塞 ,
       N1,N2 - ᫠  1  32767,
       S1,S2 - ப  20 ᨬ .
      ࠭ 祭 ࠬ஢, ᯮ짮  ।
, ..  拉 砥 ࠬ  ᪠. ᫨ 
ப S1  S2 ॢ 20 ᨬ,  譨 ᨬ .
ࠬ, 㪠   { } ,  ⢮ 易⥫쭮.
-1: I n,m-0
      ⮭㬥樨 ப, 室  ० - CS+1 (EDIT).
-1: L n,m-0
     ᯥ⪠ ⥪ 室 䠩  ப n  ப m
     ﬨ,      ''.  ⨨
     EDIT - 室  ।.
-1:  n-0
     ⠭ 樨 뢮   L. n - ᫮ ப  樨.
-1: D {n,m}-0
      ப 稭  n  m.
-1: M n,m-0
     뫪 ப  ஬ n  ப  ஬ m.  ⮬
     ப  ஬ n ࠥ,  ᮤন ப m 
      ᮤন ப n.
-1: N {n,m}-0
     ७㬥 ⥪⮢ 䠩: ࢠ ப 砥  n,
     蠣 㬥樨 m.
-1: F n,m,f,s-0
      室 䠩  ப n  m ந  ⥪
     f.   㦥  ப ⮡ࠦ  ࠭ 
     ⥬ 室  ० Edit. ᫥ ⮣, ᯮ 
     ०  Edit ,    த    ⥪  f   
      ⥪ f  ⥪ s   த .
     ⬥⨬,  ப f  s   । ࠭ 㣨
     .

-1:  n-0
     祭 ० ।஢ Edit.
     :
     ஡ - 㢥祭 ⥪⮢ 㪠⥫  +1,
     DELETE - 㬥襭 ⥪⮢ 㪠⥫  -1,
     CS+8   - ⠡,
     ENTER  -  ।஢  ࠭ ᥭ ,
     Q - 室  ।஢. ப ⠥  ,
     R - १㧪  ।஢, .. 㤠 
           ୮ ।஢ ப,
     L -  ⠢襩  ப ( ⥪⮢ 㪠⥫) 
         ୮ ।஢,
     K - 㤠 ᨬ  樨 㪠⥫,
     Z - 㤠  ᨬ  樨 㪠⥫ ⥫쭮  
          ப,
     F -  ᫥饩 ப, ᮤঠ饩 ⥪ f, । ࠭
           F,
     S -  ࠭ । ⥪⮬ s ⥪ f  ⮬᪮
         믮  'F', ..  ᫥饩 ப,
         ᮤঠ饩 f.
         -1室 ⬥-0,    ᨨ  'S'
          믮 ।⢥ ᫥  'F' 
          'F'  'S',
     I - ⠢ ᨬ  ⥪  㪠⥫. 
         ࠭    ENTER. ᪠
         ᯮ짮 DELETE  CS+8 (㤠  ⠡),
     X - ⠭ ⥪⮢ 㪠⥫   ப.

              -1   䮭-0
-1:  n,m,s-0
            ப n-m 室 ⥪   s,
-1: G,,s n-0
         ⥭   䠩   s. ᫨   ⥪ 㦥
           ,     ⥪ 
          饬      䠩  ஭㬥    蠣 1.  
         뢠   ᯮ짮 BREAK.

              -1    ࠡ-0
-1:  n-0
            ப n,
-1: R-0
          믮 ࠭ ᪮஢ ꥪ⭮ ,
          ࠭饣  ,
-1: T n-0
           ࠭樨. 室 ⥪  稭 
          ப n ,  砥 ᯥ譮 樨, ⥬ 뢮

           'OK?'.   ⢥ 'Y' ꥪ , ந
           樨, 뫠    runtimes (ࠧ 
          ⮬  ),  ⥬  runtimes  ꥪ  
          뢮    ,  ।  ࠭  ⢥
          ࠬ f. ᫥ ⮣ 䠩 f  㧨  
          ᯮ  LOAD"".

                         -1㣨 -0
-1: -0
          室  Basic,
-1:  n,m-0
          ८ࠧ 室 ⥪, ⮢  㣮
          । HP4T,  ଠ, ਭ  HISOFT HP4T,
-1: S,,d-0
           ࠧ⥫ ࠬ஢  d. ஡  ⢥
          ࠧ⥫  ᪠.


               -1 1. 饭  訡-0

1. ᫮ ᫨誮 .
2.  ";".
3.  䨪.
4.  䨪.
5. ᯮ   ⠭  ":=",  "=".
6.  "=".
7. ࠦ   稭 ⨬ 䨪஬.
8.  ":=".
9.  ")".
10. 訡 ⨯.
11.  ".".
12.  䠪.
13.  ⠭.
14.  䨪  ⠭.
15.  "THEN".
16.  "DO".
17.  "TO"  "DOWNTO".
18.  "(".
19.  뢥  ⨯ ࠦ.
20.  "OF".
21.  ",".
22.  ":".
23.  "PROGRAM".
24.  ६, .. ࠬ 
    ࠬ஬-६.
25.  "BEGIN".
26.  맮 READ  ६.
27.  ࠢ ࠦ ⮣ ⨯.
28.   ⨯ INTEGER  REAL.
29.    ⨯ ६.
30.  䨪   ⨯.
31.  ᫥ real  ᯮ.
32.  ᪠୮ ࠦ ( ᫮).
33.  ப ⨬ (ᯮ chr(0) ).
34.  "[".
35.  "]".
36.  ᨢ   ᪠ ⨯.
37.  "..".
38.  "]"  ","   ARRAY.
39.  ࠭  孥.
40. ⢮ ᫨誮  ( 255 ⮢).
41. ⮬ 㭪樨   䨪 ⨯.
42.  ⢥  ","  "]".
43.  ⢥  ".."  ","  "]".
44.  ࠬ   䨪஬ ⨯.
45. ⮥ ⢮     䠪஬  .
46.  ᪠ୠ 稭,  real.
47.  ᪠ୠ 稭, ᪫ real.
48. ⢠ ᮢ⨬.
49. "<"  ">"   ᯮ짮  ࠢ .
50.  "FORWARD", "LABEL", "CONST", "VAR", "TYPE"  "BEGIN".
51.  Hex ᫮.
52.  ਬ POKE  ⢠.
53. ᨢ ᫨誮  (>64).
54.  । "RECORD"  "END"  ";".
55.  䨪 .
56. ᫥ "WITH"  ६.
57. ६  "WITH"   ⨯ "RECORD".
58. 䨪    易  ஬ "WITH".
59. ᫥ "LABEL"  楫  .
60. ᫥ "GOTO"  楫  .
61. ⪠  訡筮 ஢.
62.  ⪠.
63. ࠬ஬ "SIZE"   ६.
64.  㪠⥫  ᯮ짮 ⮫쪮 ஢ઠ  ࠢ⢮.
67. 쪮 뢮 ࠬ  楫   ":"   e:m:H.
68. ப   ᮤঠ ᨬ EOL.


            -1ਫ 3. ।⠢   .-0

-13.1. ।⠢ -0
-13.1.1. -0
         2 .
                1 --  #0001
              256 --  #0100
             -256 --  #FF00
 権  楫묨 ᯮ ॣ HL.
-13.1.2. , 㫥᪨  㣨 ᪠.-0
       1   .
TRUE  祭 1,  FALSE - 0.  権  ⨬ ⨯
ᯮ ॣ .
-13.1.3. REAL.-0
     ⢥ ࠭  ଥ  -冷  4 .
 権  ⢥묨 ᫠ ᯮ ॣ DE  HL.
D -  ࠭ 浪, E,H,L -  ࠭ , 訩
ࠧ ॣ H -  ࠭  ᫠. .. :
    2 = 01000000 00000000 00000000 00000001 = #40 #00 #00 #01
    1 = 01000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 = #40 #00 #00 #00
-12.5 = 11100100 00000000 00000000 00000011 = #E4 #00 #00 #03
  0.1 = 01100110 01100110 01100110 11111100 = #66 #66 #66 #FC
           H        L         E       D

-13.1.4.   ᨢ.-0
         ࠭⢮, ࠢ 㬬  .
ᨢ  N*S ,  N - ࠧ୮ ᨢ, S - ᫮
,   ⮬.
-13.1.5. ⢠.-0
     ⢠ ࠭   ⮢ ப , ᫨  ⨯ 
N ⮢,  ᫮   ࠢ: (N-1) DIV (8+1), . .
SET OF CHAR  256-1 DIV 8+1 = 32 .
SET OF (BLUE, GREEN, YELLOW) -   3-1 DIV 8+1 = 1 .
-13.1.6. ⥫.-0
     ⥫  2  , ᮤঠ  ६ (
訩  ).
              -13.2. ࠭ ६  Runtimes-0
-13.2.1-0 ६ ࠭, 稭  '誨' ⥪
runtimes , .. ᫨ ⥪ 稭  #000  묨
६묨 :
       VAR i:INTEGER;
           ch:CHAR;
           x:REAL;
    i ᯮ  AFFE-AFFF,
      ch               AFFD,
      x                AFF9-AFFC.
-1-0 ६.    㯠 १ ⥪. 
⮣   砫  ७  ⠭ ॣ IX
⠪, ⮡ (IX-4) 㪠뢠  砫   ६.

.., ᫨:
      PROCEDURE test;
      VAR i,j:INTEGER;
    i 㤥 室  IX-4-2  IX-4-1, ..  IX-6, IX-5,
      j                    IX-8  IX-7.
-13.2.3. ࠬ  頥 砭-0.
     ࠬ-祭 ࠪ   ६ ,  
 ६,  訥  . ,  ⫨稥 
६,  (IX+2) 䨪 訩 ,   設 .
᫨:
      PROCEDURE test (i:REAL; j:INTEGER);
 j (ᯮ ) 㤥 室  IX+2  IX+3,
  i                                         IX+4  IX+7.
ࠬ-६ ᬠਢ ⠪,   ࠬ-祭,
 ⮩  ࠧ楩,    2  , ࠭
  ६.
᫨:
      PROCEDURE test (i:INTEGER; VAR x:REAL);
 뫪  x ࠧ頥  IX+2  IX+3 ( 祩 ᮤঠ 
६ x),  i -  IX+4, IX+5.
-1頥 祭-0 ࠧ    ࠬ஬.
      FUNCTION test (i:INTEGER):REAL;
i ࠧ  IX+2 , IX+3,  祩  IX+4  IX+7 १ࢨ
 頥 祭.

      -1 HISOFT PASCAL 4T  48 ZX-SPECTRUM.-0
      ᯮ짮  ᨬ <=, <>, >=,  ⮫쪮
樨 <, >  =.
     ࠢ ⢫ ⮫쪮 ६묨 ਡ⠬ 
।⢮ ⠭ ࠢ  (WRITE(CHR(17), WRITE(CHR(4)
-  'paper');   ﭭ ਡ.
       ꥪ  ᥣ ⮬᪨ 뢠
稪. ᫨  ᯮ짮  'T'   ꥪ⭮ 
 runtimes  ,   ᪠   ࠡ 筮 믮
LOAD "" .
     ᫥ 砭 ࠡ     ୮, 
GOTO 7.
     ᫨  諨  ᪠   '' ,   ।
 GOTO 9 ('⥯'   ࠭ 室 ⥪) 
GOTO 12 ('宫'   樠樥).
      ⠭ 梥 INK ᯮ CHR(15).

                 -1 PRODUCT APPLICATION NOTE  PS1.1-0
           -1  䨪 ZX-SPECTRUM  ᪠ 4-0

1.  (.  MPACK  HP80).
ਬ:  BEEP(262,0.5) ;  BEEP(0,1) -  ।   祭
0,5 ᥪ., ⥬ 㧠  1 ᥪ.
2. 䨪 (.  MPACK).
3. 뢮 १ ⥬ ROM.
      樨,   ⢫ 뢮 १
⥬  室 RST #10.  ਬ,  ᯮ짮
ࠢ饣  PRINT AT,    ᫥ 8-
祭 X  Y.     WRITE । 祭
뢥  ( ਬ,  8 ᮮ⢥ BACKSPACE
(DELETE)).  ⮣ 楫ᮮࠧ ᯮ짮 楤
SPOUT (C:CHAR).

           -1ᯮ짮 ᪮  TURTLE-0.

        G,,TURTLE ᮥ   ணࠬ
(⬥⨬, ,   ଠ쭮 ࠡ    ᭠
PROGRAM-  VAR-樥, TYPE, CONST  LABEL 
易⥫쭮. ஬ ⮣, ணࠬ   ᮤঠ
।⥫쭮  楤  㭪権.). ଠ 
'९誥' ࠭   ६.
                     -1 ६-0.
HEADING
     ᯮ  ࠭ 㣫 祭 ࠢ, 
     ஬    ਥ஢ '९誠'. ਭ
     祭  REAL  ࠤ    ⠭  0 楤ன
     TURTLE. 祭 0 ᮮ⢥ ⮪.
XCOR, YCOR
     ࠭ ⥪騥 न (X,Y) '९誨'.  ⨯ REAL 
     砫쭮 ࠢ 127  87 ᮮ⢥⢥.
PENSTATUS
      ⨯ INTEGER. ᯮ  ࠭ ﭨ '';
     0 - '' 饭, 1 - .
                           -1楤-0.
INK (C:INTEGER), C = 0 - 8;
PAPER (C:INTEGER), C = 0 - 8;
COPY   - ஢ ࠭  ਭ;
PENDOWN (C:INTEGER)  -ॢ '९誨'  ﭨ,  ஬
            㤥 ⠢ ᫥ 梥⮬ .
PENUP  - 楤, ⭠ PENDOWN. (  楤 ⠭
         ६ PENSTATUS)
SETHD (A:REAL) - 砥 ࠬ ⨯ REAL 쭮 ६
         HEADING, .. ⠭ ࠢ .
         0-East, 90-North, 180-West, 270-South. .. ⨢ ᮢ
         ५.
SETXY (X,Y:REAL)
         ⠭ ᮫  '९'.
FWD (L:REAL)
          '९' ।  L   ࠢ ,
         ।塞 ६ HEADING.
BACK (L:REAL)
          '९'   L  (⭠ FWD).
TURN (A:REAL)
           '९'   ࠤᮢ. 祭 
         ᮮ⢥  ⨢ ᮢ ५.
VECTOR (A,L:REAL)
         頥  '९'  L   ࠢ A. ᫥
         ६饭  ⠥  -ࠢ.
RIGHT (A:REAL)
LEFT (A:REAL)
           '९' ࠢ/   ࠤᮢ.

ARCR (R:REAL, A:INTEGER)
         '९'   㣥 㦭 ࠧ஬ R,  㣨
         ।  . '९'   ᮢ ५.
         筮 R =  0.5.
TURTLE
         樠  ६.
-1ਬ ணࠬ-0.
     ⬥⨬,   TURTLE ࠧ頥, 稭  ப 10 
稢 ப 1350.
1. 㣨
    1  PROGRAM CIRCLES;
    2  VAR I:INTEGER;
1360 BEGIN
1370   TURTLE;
1380   FOR I:=1 TO 9 DO
1390   BEGIN
1400     ARCR (0.5,360);
1410     RIGHT (40)
1420   END
1430 END.

2. ࠫ
    1 PROGRAM SPIRALS ;
    2 VAR
1360 PROCEDURE SPIRALS (L,A:REAL);
1370 BEGIN
1380   FWD(L);
1390   RIGHT(A);
1400   SPIRALS(L+1,A)
1410 END;
1420 BEGIN
1430   TURTLE;
1440   SPIRALS (9,95)  (9,90)  (9,121)...

 訡  TURTLE
     ப 570 USER(#EAC)   :
     INLINE (#FD, #21, #3A, #5C, #FD, #CB, 1, #CE, #CD, #AC, #E, #FD,
#CB, 1, #8E, #F3);

         -1Pascal  4T  Version 5  (  1 ५  1983 .)-0.

1. 㭪樨   祭 POINTER (㪠⥫);
2. ࠢ 訡  NEW;
3.  ।;   V  㬥⮢,  뤠
祭 ࠧ⥫, line range, Find  Substitute ப;
4   $F ('Include'). ᫨    ᯮ짮, 
室 ⥪,  । '稢',  
뢥      W.  W ࠡ⠥ 筮 
,  ᪫祭 ⮣,   W ଠ 뢮   HP4T
ଠ   稭 ࠧ ᫥ 砭  .
, ᠭ  W,  G,,  .
ਬ:
W 50,120,PLOT   -  楤 PLOT.
 祭 PLOT:
100 END;
110
120 {$F PLOT}   '祭' 楤 plot;
130
140 PROCEDURE MORE;   - ⠢  ணࠬ.

